The Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Status



Posted: Saturday, March 19, 2011

by Patricia Johnson
Articles and Answers.com

"Events are classified at seven levels: Levels 1–3 are "incidents" and Levels 4–7 "accidents". These levels consider three areas of impact: people and the environment, radiological barriers and control, and defence in depth. The scale is designed so that the severity of an event is about ten times greater for each increase in level on the scale. Events without safety significance are called "deviations" and are classified Below Scale/Level 0."  http://www-ns.iaea.org/tech-areas/emergency/ines.asp

The Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant has six nuclear boiling water power reactors.  The earthquake of March 11 cut-off power to the Daiichi plant causing automatic shutdown of three reactors, namely, Units 1, 2 and 3.  Units 4, 5 and 6 were previously shut down for maintenance.

Diesel generators, used for backup, were started up and began providing electricity to the pumps which in turn started circulating coolant to all six reactors until the tsunami knocked out power to the backup generators.

The status of these units as of March 19, 2011 follows:

Unit 1

Approximately half of the fuel rods in the reactor are covered with coolant, leading to fuel damage.  Operators were forced to vent gas from the reactor's containment, due to high pressure.  An explosion on March 12, 2011 destroyed the outer shell of the building above.  On March 18, Japan assigned an INES rating of 5 to this unit.

Unit 2

Approximately half of the fuel rods in the reactor are covered with coolant, leading to fuel damage.   A March 15 explosion led Japanese officials to express concern the reactor's containment may not be fully intact.  As recently as March 18, 2011 it was reported that white smoke continues to arise from the building.  Seawater is continuing to be pumped into the reactor core.   On March 18, Japan assigned an INES rating of 5 to this unit.

Unit 3

Approximately half of the fuel rods in the reactor are covered with coolant, leading to fuel damage.  Operators were forced to vent gas from the reactor's containment, due to high pressure. An explosion on March 14, 2011 destroyed the outer shell of the building above the containment giving rise to concerns the reactor's containment may not be fully intact.  In addition indications are the cooling water level in the pool is not sufficient.  Helicopters have been dropping water on this unit and on March 18, seven fire trucks were used by Japanese Self Defence Forces to spray water into the building.  No data is available regarding the temperature of the water in the pool.   On March 18, Japan assigned an INES rating of 5 to this unit.

Unit 4

Prior to the earthquake fuel had been removed from the reactor core for maintenance and placed in the spent fuel pool.  The outer shell of the building was damaged by an explosion at Unit 3 on March 14 and two reported fires.  Smoke remains visible on March 18 and there are concerns of the condition of the spent fuel pool.  .   On March 18, Japan assigned an INES rating of 4 to this unit.

Unit 5 and 6

Both units were shut down before the earthquake for maintenance; therefore there are no immediate concerns regarding reactors' cores or containment.  Data from spent fuel pools has shown increasing temperatures and officials have two diesel generators running to power water circulation in the spent fuel pools and cores.  Since an accumulation of hydrogen has been suspected as the cause of explosions in the other buildings workers have opened holes in the roofs of both buildings.
 
Data Source:  INES and IAEA

Status
 
Unit 1
 
Unit 2
 
Unit 3
 
Unit 4
 
Unit 5
 
Unit 6
 
INES Rating
 
5
 
5
 
5
 
4
 
**
 
**
 
Reactor Type
 
BWR-3
 
BWR-4
 
BWR-4
 
BWR-4
 
BWR-4
 
BWR-5
 
Status at Time

of

Event
 
In service

Automatic

Shutdown After Earthquake
 
In service

Automatic

Shutdown After Earthquake
 
In service

Automatic

Shutdown After Earthquake
 
Shut down

For Routine

Maintenance

Before Earthquake
 
Shut down

For Routine

Maintenance

Before Earthquake
 
Shut down

For Routine

Maintenance

Before Earthquake
 
Core and Fuel
 
Damaged
 
Damaged
 
Damaged
 
No fuel rods
 
No damage

Expected
 
No damage

Expected
 
Containment

Integrity
 
No damage

Reported
 
Damage

Suspected
 
No

Information
 
Outage

Configuration
 
No damage

Expected
 
No damage

Expected
 
Off-site Power
 
Recovery

Ongoing
 
Recovery

Ongoing
 
Not

Available
 
Not

Available
 
Not

Available
 
Not

Available
 
Diesel

Generators
 
Not

Available
 
Not

Available
 
Not

Available
 
Not

Available
 
Generators

Powering Units 5 & 6
 
Generators

Powering Units 5 & 6
 
Building
 
Severe

Damage
 
Slight

Damage
 
Severe

Damage
 
Not

Available
 
No Damage

Reported
 
No Damage

Reported
 
Water level in

Reactor

Pressure Vessel
 
About

Half of

Fuel Assembly
 
About

Half of

Fuel Assembly
 
About

Half of

Fuel Assembly
 
About

Half of

Fuel Assembly
 
Outage

Configuration
 
Above fuel
 
Pressure of

Reactor

Pressure

Vessel
 
Stable
 
Unreliable

Data
 
Stabilized
 
Outage

Configuration
 
No

Information
 
No

Information
 
Water Injection to Reactor Pressure Vessel
 
Sea Water
 
Sea Water
 
Sea Water
 
Outage Configuration
 
Not Necessary
 
Not Necessary
 


© 2011 Patricia L Johnson

Patricia L Johnson is a former special assignment writer/photographer and co-owner of the Articles and Answers site. You may read more by this author at our new blog http://articlesandanswers2011.wordpress.com/

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Top-level comments on this article: (1 total)
» left by Dianne Lehmann
1 year 49 days ago.
136 fans.
Hi Patricia.

Thanks for putting it all in a nutshell. I certainly hope they get it all squared away soon. They've enough to worry about without worrying about a nuclear disaster as well.

Hugs,

Dianne
» left by Patricia Johnson 1 year 48 days ago.
12 fans.
It's almost impossible to comprehend what this country is going through - most countries have a problem dealing with one catastrophe and yet the people of Japan are attempting to cope with three at one time. Things are steadily improving on the interior of the power plant, but according to the latest IAEA report (3-22-11), "high levels of contamination have been measured in the locality of the plant" which certainly isn't good news. Let us all pray that things improve soon.

Thank you for your comment.

P.
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